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| Basic Map Reading Terminology. |
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Map Reading Terminology
Grid Squares
These are a series of squares that form a matrix, which is overlaid on the map.
Grid Lines
A series of horizontal and vertical lines that criss cross and form the Grid Squares
Eastings
The VERTICAL grid lines.
Northings
The HORIZONTAL grid lines.
Grid Reference
The combination of eastings and northings that indicate a position on the map.
"Along the Corridor then up the Stairs"
Used to remember to apply the eastings before the northings in grid references.
Ladder Grids
The numbers printed against each bold 10km grid line.
Grid Letters
The blue letters, normally found at the corners of the map that refer to a 100km square eg TQ.
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Relief Features
Term used to describe hills, valleys and the like.
Contour Lines
The thin brown lines used to illustrate the height of features above mean sea level.
Even Slope
A slope with a steady and even climb.
Concave Slope
A slope that becomes steeper nearer the top.
Convex Slope
A slope that begins steep and evens out towards the top.
Combination Slope
A combination of any of the above.
Cliffs
Very steep climb. Contour lines are very close and conventional sign used to illustrate.
Round, Conical, Flat & Irregular Top Hills
Hills with a distinctive shape to their top.
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Scale
The relationship between the model and the real object.
Straight Line Distance
Shortest distance between two points. Referred to" as the crow flies".
Indirect Line Distance (Curved Line Distance)
The measured distance between two points using tracks, paths, roads etc.
The Scale Line
Black and white line at bottom of map to illustrate the scale. The first kilometre is divided into 100m segments.
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True North
The direction from where the individual is on the ground to the North Pole.
Grid North
The direction the northern grid lines point on a map (upwards).
Magnetic North
The direction which the northern end of a compass points.
The Mils System
System used by the Army for measuring bearings. 6400 in a complete circle. 1 mil equates to 1m at 1km.
Grid Bearing
The bearing taken with a compass or protractor from the map.
Magnetic Bearing
The bearing taken with a compass on the ground.
Grid Magnetic Angle
The difference between Grid and Magnetic North. It is annotated at the top of the map.
Mag to Grid - get rid, Grid to Mag - add
The rhyme used to remember when to add and when to subtract the GMA from/to a bearing.
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